Method of husking cereals



Nov. 20, 1934. A, BARRA 1,981,409

METHOD "OF nusxme CEREALS Filed Nov 18, 1931 Javen/qr B arrh- Patented Nov. 20, 1934 1,981,409 I UNITED STTATESTPATE-NT' OFFICE, I

1,981,409 METHOD OF nusxme CEREALS Albin Barn, Danzig, Free City ot Danzig Application November 18, 1931, Serial No. 575,916 In Germany November 24, 1930 1 Claim. (Cl. 83-29) This invention relates to a method of remov- -machine through which thgrain is passed is ing in a continuous operation the husk from cethe magnetic separator and sorter R. From the real grains of all kinds, which is valueless for latter the grain passes first into a washing and the digestion. There have been a great number wetting machine I of suitableconstruction where I of attempts to realize this object. it is treated in a drum revolving in water, where g Apart from the known husking, brushing and it remains sufilciently long for the husks of the scrubbing processes it has been proposedto move grain to become loosened and softened. Thethe cereal grains in the moistened state relagrain is at the same time washed during this optively to one another under the application of eration, the adhering dirt, sand, dust and the in pressure and heat, "with the object, when the like being loosened from the grainand washed grains strike against resistances or striking surway. In this machine the husks are $19111 left faces, of loosening the husk on the cereal grains adhering to the grains. The duration of the or of removing it from th treatment and the suitable temperature of the According to the invention the husk is 1005- washing water ar a ain d y xp n ened far more effectively by causing the moisand depend to a certain extent on the place of 7 tened cereal grains to rub against one another origin and quality of the grain. The grain under the influence of gravity only. Experience passes thence into the husk loosening machine has shown that in this way the husks become II, the construction of' which is more particularcompletely loosened from the grains without 31 described be W- n this a e the in splintering or breakin travels, under the action of gravity only, from 7 The material coming from the husking aptop to bottom, u ing which pa e the p paratus represents a mixture of husked grains ate rains rule against O e another and Strip and the removed husk. For separating these two the husk- The grain whic as b e freed constituent parts any of the known milling procfrom the husk, although We is i n y D esses may be employed. Thus, for instance, the feetly d and c d- T e grain aft 198- so material may be washed in a primitive manner thus a ed passesfrom there into the rewith the object of flushing the husks from the Washing pp the m c ne I Where it is grains in the washing operation; The grains again washed, and thence into the dry p then pass to a drying plant and are th bparatus IV, where it is dried by suitable devices jected either directly to the milling process or inin perferatec d u When y leave the last so certain cases after being again passed through d u the grains are mpl t y d y. t e sk the process according to the invention to the having become mp t y parat d fr m th usual milling process. grein- The washing of the grains after leaving the The P of the in w ch has been husking apparatus may with certain moisture moistened in I through the apparatus 11 conditions, certain biological r rti of th stitutes the essential feature of the invention. material and the like be eliminated, so that the The reWe-Shihg e, t h e ay be material passes directly from the husking ap- Omitted, if the eendition 0f e grain appears paratus to a' drying plant or a brushing plant. to make a e d W i g and rinsing p 40 For carrying out the husking operation the flu u In at as th ria y be vertical mill so much used in'the milling art is v y d d t y to a d y apparatus or a brush-' employed, in which the cereal is introduced e machine, in which the husks. already 1008- through a hopper at the top and is withdrawn ened, are blown away by anair blast or the like. at the bottom. The husking operation is thus In this case in the drawing the machine II would 45 carried out in a vertical container, through befollowed immediately by the machine IV or which the grains travel under gravity fro to a brushing machine with an air blast. to bottom. A slowly running rake-like stirrer, The dried material, after leaving the drying which does not mechanically affect the grains, apparatus IV passes, if necessary, into a second provides that this downward motion of the husking machine V, which-is of similar con- 50 grains shall proceed uninterruptedly. structlon to the machine 11 and in which any The invention is illustrated in the acoomhusk particles still adhering to the grain, more panying drawing, in which the operation and the particularly the finer cuticles, are removed. The

construction of the husk loosening apparatus are grain e P es into the b ush mac e shown diagrammatically. VI, where by means of suitably arranged brushes On its way from the silo S the only cleansing all bran and gluten still adhering are removed. 1

The grain, now completely cleaned and hushed thenpassestotheusualgrindingprocess.

The interior arrangement of the husk loosening-machine H is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2 in section. The drum 1: is provided at its upper end witha hopper b and at the bottom with an outflow c. For causing the grains which rub against one another under the action of gravity'to travel through the drum 0 a shaft d is mounted in the latter, which is provided with rake-like stirring arms I and h. On these arms a brush or stripper i is mounted. the function of which is gently to detach the grains adhering to the wall of the casing a'and ior the rest to convey the grains on the bottom plate 8 of the drum 0 to the outflow c. The stirring device which is driven by bevel wheels e or the like rotates quite slowly. It is of importance that the stirring device shall have no sharp corners and angles, so asto avoid any mechanical damage to the grainsby the stirring device. Asmallstirringdevic'e may alsobe-providedin themachinev.

What I claim is: An apparatus for husking cereal grains in a continuous operation comprising-,yroigtening means for softening the husksf Q V container having an inlet opening at the top and an outlet opening f or'the grains at the bottom, a rake-like stirring device disposed in the said container; means for imparting a slow rotary motion to the said rake-like device i'or moving the grains into rubbing contact with one another and a brush connected to said stirring device and in contact with the wall of the container.

. ALBIN BARRA. 

